Not a single piece of fraud evidence has been presented by Arbitrum since it first launched its mainnet with built-in security features in August 2021, according to Ed Felten, co-founder and chief scientist of Offchain Labs, the company that created Arbitrum.
Acting as a layer 2 of Ethereum, Arbitrum’s interactive, multi-round fraud tests allow a layer 1 verifier contract to decide whether a challenger’s fraud evidence submission is valid. If so, the stake of the fraudulent validator will be greatly reduced.
Challenger validators present evidence of fraud when they believe that another validator has fraudulently or incorrectly accumulated a set of transactions into the next block.
However, Arbitrum’s mainnet has yet to see a single proof-of-fraud attempt, let alone a successful challenge, Felten told Cointelegraph at Korean Blockchain Week on September 4:
“Not on the mainnet. We have one or two Ethereum proof-of-work (PoW). After the merger, (…) there was a version of Arbitrum running on the PoW fork of Ethereum, and someone tried to steal all the data, and there was a successful challenge that defeated him.
Felten said few attempts have been made to prove fraud because malicious validators risk losing their entire stake.
“If only one person notices and disputes your claim, you almost certainly lose your stake, so there’s a greater disincentive to try,” Felten added.
https://twitter.com/the_smart_ape/status/1697580241743479152?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw
Both Arbitrum and Optimism act as optimistic rollups. However, Optimism and Arbitrum differ in their approach to fraud detection mechanisms. Arbitrum: more rounds → longer confirmation time, more secure. Optimism: single round → faster. 4/
Felten said Currently there is a licensed set of validators – approximately 12 – involved in the game of fraud testing.
He also added that Arbitrum has launched a new fraud test called “BOLD” protocol – (Bounded Liquidity Delay) – which is said to give Arbitrum a faster guarantee for challenges.
“In the current version (…) an adversary who is willing to sacrifice many stakes can cause ‘N’ weeks of delay if he is willing to sacrifice ‘N’ stakes (… ) But the BOLD protocol says no No matter how many stakes they sacrifice, they will lose in about eight days.”
Arbitrum’s BOLD protocol was launched by Offchain Labs on August 4.
https://twitter.com/OffchainLabs/status/1687137574052143116?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw
After months of development, we announce BOLD (Bounded Liquidity Delay), a new dispute protocol that allows permissionless validation for Arbitrum chains, potentially eliminating the need for of allowed validation, greatly improving decentralization.
Felten said that the cheating part of Arbitrum will soon be permissionless, which will allow anyone to push to ensure the correctness of the chain in case of challenges.
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